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The dengue virus causes a wide range of astelin back pain diseases in humans, from the acute febrile illness dengue fever to lifethreatening dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS). Dengue fever is a selflimited illness, which is characterized by fever, headache, retroorbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, and rash, whereas DHF is marked by increased vascular permeability (resulting leakage of plasma), thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhagic manifestations. DSS occurs as a result of the leakage of fluid into the interstitial spaces and results in shock, which without appropriate treatment may lead to death. Over the past several decades, dengue spread throughout tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, with an annual estimation of 100 million infections and tens of millions of cases. DHF/DSS is one of the leading causes of pediatric hospitalization in Southeast Asia, where the syndrome first emerged 50 years ago, and it has become endemic to many Latin American countries over the last 25 years.

Magnitude Global Situation The socioeconomic impact of World War II resulted in increased spread of dengue globally. 5 billion people, or 40 percent, of the world’s population, live in areas where there is a risk of dengue transmission (Figure 8. WHO currently estimates there may be 50 million dengue cases that occur worldwide every year. Q 2 600,000 E 80,0000 1,000,000 200,000 400,000 0 0 1955 1960 1970 1980 1990 20001959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2007 Figure 8. Reported cases of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever and the number of countries reporting dengue. 222 Emerging Epidemics more than 100 countries in Asia, Pacific, the Americas, Africa, and the Caribbean. In 2007 alone, there were more than 890,000 reported cases of dengue in the Americas, out of which 26,000 cases diagnosed were of DHF. The disease is endemic in more than 100 countries in Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific purchase generic micardis online US no RX areas are the most seriously affected.

Before 1970, only nine countries had experienced DHF epidemics, a number that astelin back pain had increased more than fourfold by 1995. In 2007, Venezuela, alone, reported more than 80,000 cases, including more than 6,000 cases of DHF. Google dengue trends provides the daily updates of current dengue fever activity for 10 countries, which enables earlier detection of outbreaks and epidemics and public health officials to mobilize outbreak containment measures in a timely manner (astelin back pain Chan et al. Recent outbreaks of dengue fever have been reported from many countries in Central and South America and Mexico, as well as various regions in Southeast Asia; dengue is endemic in these areas and should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute febrile illness, especially in travelers returning from that area (Communicable Diseases Communiqué, 2012). 2 shows countries or areas that are at risk of dengue infection. India In India, the first outbreak of dengue was recorded in 1812.